Breastfeeding through Perimenopause

Breastfeeding Close to Menopause: Embracing the Journey

As women, our bodies go through a remarkable series of changes throughout our lives, with menopause being one of the most significant transitions. For those who choose to breastfeed close to this stage, understanding the interplay between breastfeeding and menopause can empower your experience. In this blog, we’ll explore the benefits, challenges, and holistic approaches to consider during this unique time.

The Intersection of Breastfeeding and Menopause 

Breastfeeding is a beautiful bonding experience that offers numerous health benefits for both mother and baby. However, when it occurs during the perimenopausal phase (from ~35-45), which can begin years before menopause itself (up to 10 years), there are specific factors to consider. Usually, women who breastfed for two years or longer have higher blood levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and later onset of menopause, compared to women who breastfed for one month or less. However, breastfeeding later in your 'reproductive life' can actually improve your menopause transition, with longer time lactating decreasing the risk and duration of hot flushes (PMID: 35993429). The hormone levels, like oestrogen during pregnancy, also offer compelling benefits for ageing well also (less risk of osteoporosis), though through breastfeeding oestrogen is quite low during lactation as the hormone prolactin is high. So if you haven't started seeing perimenopause symptoms pre-pregnancy, you are in luck!

 

Hormonal Changes

As you approach menopause, your hormone levels—particularly estrogen and progesterone—fluctuate significantly. These hormonal changes can affect your milk supply (high oestrogen and progesterone inhibit lactation), breastfeeding patterns, and even your overall comfort during nursing. While some women find they can continue to breastfeed without issue, others may notice changes such as reduced milk production or increased sensitivity. This is often ofputting for breastfeeding but the benefits for you and your baby are immesurably positive still. *If you're at the point of considering HRT prior to pregnancy, know that this may negatively impact your milk production in a dose dependant manner - but breasfeeding before beginning weaning (when it's still intense), you shouldn't notice perimenopause symptoms until you begin your cycle again as this will be when oestrogen is up and down again. There's not a lot of research on this sub-group of women, so here's what I do know.

The hormones that control breastfeeding are brain-based (prolactin from the pituitary in the brain), whereas fertility and menstruation rely on functioning ovaries to produce oestrogen (E2). Please note the lower oestrogen post birth and during breastfeeding can actually mimic perimenopause symptoms for some, as the significant drop from pregnancy is most women causes some of the same symptoms. So it makes a bit of sense that you could actually be going through the start of perimenopause and still be breastfeeding well, it's still unsure until you have enough data (periods) or wean to know for sure. Most women in this situation won't notice until late weaning (12 months +) before the symptoms similar to post partum come creeping back. You'd most likely notice:

Signs of perimenopause:

These symptoms are all a result of your body reacting to lower oestrogen levels. This is arguably mostly neuromotor symptoms (i.e. the brain feels the drop the most). We recommend tracking your cycle when it returns to be sure of the pattern unfolding. The first year post partum, cycles can be a little irregular and heavier or lighter than your usual, so this can be valuable data.

 

The Benefits of Breastfeeding at This (and any) Stage

1. Nutritional Benefits for Your Baby: Breast milk provides essential nutrients and antibodies, making it a wonderful source of nourishment for your little one, regardless of your age. You will want to ensure you're eating well and plently of omega 3's and calcium if your close to perimenopause too.

2. Emotional Bonding: The act of breastfeeding promotes a deep emotional connection between mother and child, offering comfort and security for both. At a time when perimenopause can cause increased anxiety, rage and insomnia - breastfeeding oxytocin boosts can be increadibly soothing for your mood.

3. Potential Delay of Peri/Menopause Symptoms: Some studies suggest that breastfeeding can delay the onset of menopause symptoms. The natural suppression of ovulation during breastfeeding may contribute to a more gradual hormonal transition.

 

Challenges You May Face

1. Milk Supply Fluctuations: As hormone levels shift, you might experience changes in milk production. Staying hydrated and well-nourished is crucial during this time. Usually this is more noticable once your cycle has returned.

2. Physical Discomfort: Hormonal changes can lead to breast tenderness or discomfort (ie. increased sensitivity and dryness). Seeking out supportive nursing bras and consulting with a lactation specialist can help ease these challenges. I recommend using a nipple balm and a stress ball or fidget toy to take your mind off it if you're struggling.

3. Fatigue: Managing the demands of breastfeeding alongside the symptoms of perimenopause, such as sleep disturbances or mood swings, can be exhausting. Prioritizing self-care is essential.

 

Holistic Approaches to Support Your Journey

1. Nutrition: Focus on a nutrient-dense diet rich in whole foods. Incorporate healthy fats, lean proteins, and plenty of fruits and vegetables. Foods high in phytoestrogens, like flaxseeds and soy, may also support hormonal balance when you notice perimenopause symptoms increasing. Of course, also make sure you're hydrated and consider electrolyte supplements to support brain function too.

2. Herbal Support: Consult with a qualified naturopath (*ahem*) about safe herbs that may help ease menopausal symptoms, such as red clover or black cohosh. Always ensure any herbal supplements are safe for breastfeeding (i.e. not sage). A lot of hormonally interacting herbs are not safe during breastfeeding. Herbs such as Withania or Shatavari can be used safely for their adaptogen actions 

3. Mindfulness and Stress Reduction: Techniques such as yoga, meditation, and deep breathing can help manage stress and enhance your overall well-being. These practices can also positively influence your breastfeeding experience. Search up breathing techniques like 4-7-8.

4. Support Networks: Connecting with other mothers who are navigating similar experiences can provide invaluable support. As the median age of mothers slowly increases (especially due to IVF), I think you'll find a lot of mothers in the same boat.

 

Breastfeeding close to menopause is a unique experience that can come with both rewards and challenges. By embracing a holistic approach—focusing on nutrition, self-care, and community support—you can navigate this transformative phase with confidence. Remember, every mother’s journey is different, and it’s essential to listen to your body and seek guidance when needed. Celebrate the beauty of motherhood and the remarkable strength of your body as you nurture your child during this special time in your life. By choosing to breastfeed you are providing the ideal nutrition to your baby, and postponing further perimenopause at least for a little while. 

Mickayla xx